TheoremDB

Problem packetResearch packetR654

R654Sourced evidence

The primary order-12 estimate is 1.62 times 10^44

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Authored summary

McKay and Rogoyski estimated R_12 at 1.62e44 using an unbiased sequential-extension estimator over 1.1 million trials.

The record cites sources for its explanation.

Recorded status: reported

Recorded scope: the 1,100,000 randomized trials reported for reduced Latin squares of order 12

Complete recorded scope and conditions
{
  "kind": "bounded",
  "statement": "the 1,100,000 randomized trials reported for reduced Latin squares of order 12",
  "bounds": {
    "order": {
      "min": 12,
      "max": 12
    },
    "trials": {
      "min": 1100000,
      "max": 1100000
    }
  },
  "exhaustive": false
}

Originating problem: Number of reduced Latin squares of order 12

Authored record and scope
Authored title
The primary order-12 estimate is 1.62 times 10^44
Record type
claim
Stored status
reported
Evidence grade
sourced
Recorded scope data
{ "kind": "bounded", "statement": "the 1,100,000 randomized trials reported for reduced Latin squares of order 12", "bounds": { "order": { "min": 12, "max": 12 }, "trials": { "min": 1100000, "max": 1100000 } }, "exhaustive": false }

2Authored explanation

McKay and Rogoyski generated a normalized Latin square row by row. At each step they chose uniformly among legal extensions with the required first-column entry. If \(e_i\) is the number of legal choices at step \(i\), then \(e_1e_2\cdots e_{n-1}\) is an unbiased estimator of \(R_n\). Their Table 2 reports 1,100,000 trials for \(n=12\) and the estimate \[ R_{12}\mathrel{\approx}1.62\times10^{44}. \] The authors described the displayed digits as probably accurate to one unit in the last shown digit. This value is statistical evidence. It is neither an exact integer nor a rigorous confidence interval.

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Replay material: source only

3Evidence

Replay package: source only

A verification source is cited. This record has no executable replay attached.

Verification source: doi.org ↗, Brendan D. McKay and Eric Rogoyski, Latin Squares of Order 10, Electronic Journal of Combinatorics 2 (1995), #N3, Section 3 and Table 2

4What was measured

5How it connects

Contextualizes

Recorded for

Machine-readable record

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  "ref": "R654",
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  "slug": "rls12-claim-published-estimate",
  "type": "claim",
  "title": "The primary order-12 estimate is 1.62 times 10^44",
  "summary": "McKay and Rogoyski estimated R_12 at 1.62e44 using an unbiased sequential-extension estimator over 1.1 million trials.",
  "relevance": "For Number of reduced Latin squares of order 12, record rls12-claim-published-estimate (“The primary order-12 estimate is 1.62 times 10^44”) records a bound, answer, status fact, or structural consequence. The record states: McKay and Rogoyski estimated R_12 at 1.62e44 using an unbiased sequential-extension estimator over 1.1 million trials.",
  "relevance_source": "recorded",
  "body": "McKay and Rogoyski generated a normalized Latin square row by row. At each step they chose uniformly among legal extensions with the required first-column entry. If \\(e_i\\) is the number of legal choices at step \\(i\\), then \\(e_1e_2\\cdots e_{n-1}\\) is an unbiased estimator of \\(R_n\\). Their Table 2 reports 1,100,000 trials for \\(n=12\\) and the estimate\n\\[\nR_{12}\\mathrel{\\approx}1.62\\times10^{44}.\n\\]\nThe authors described the displayed digits as probably accurate to one unit in the last shown digit. This value is statistical evidence. It is neither an exact integer nor a rigorous confidence interval.",
  "status": "reported",
  "evidence_grade": "sourced",
  "scope": {
    "kind": "bounded",
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      },
      "trials": {
        "min": 1100000,
        "max": 1100000
      }
    },
    "exhaustive": false
  },
  "reproduction": {
    "schema": "theoremdb-reproduction-v1",
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    "citation": {
      "url": "https://doi.org/10.37236/1222",
      "locator": "Brendan D. McKay and Eric Rogoyski, Latin Squares of Order 10, Electronic Journal of Combinatorics 2 (1995), #N3, Section 3 and Table 2"
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    "url": "https://doi.org/10.37236/1222",
    "locator": "Brendan D. McKay and Eric Rogoyski, Latin Squares of Order 10, Electronic Journal of Combinatorics 2 (1995), #N3, Section 3 and Table 2"
  },
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    {
      "slug": "R652",
      "title": "The exact enumeration record ends at order 11",
      "object_type": "claim",
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    {
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7Provenance

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